The Biology and Life Cycle of the Malaria Parasite Essay

Other insects and some mites may also transmit forms of malaria to animals. Five species of Plasmid are known to cause human malaria: P. Visa (producing the most widespread form), P. Oval (relatively uncommon), P. Follicular (producing the most severe symptoms), P. Malarial, and P.

Knowles. There are several species that have been isolated from chimpanzees, including P. Richening and P. Gabion. P.

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Follicular, P. Gabion, and other species have been isolated from gorillas. Examples of parasites found in reptiles include P. Mexican and P. Floridness, and those in birds include P. Elicits and P. Externally. Plasmid species exhibit three life-cycle stages-?gamesters, sportiest, and mortises.

Gamesters within a mosquito develop into sportiest. The sportiest are transmitted via the saliva of a feeding mosquito to the human bloodstream. From there they enter liver permanency cells, where they divide and form mortises. The mortises are released into the bloodstream and infect red blood cells. Rapid division of the mortises results in the destruction of the red blood cells, and the newly multiplied mortises then infect new red blood cells.Some mortises may evolve into gamesters, which can be ingested by a feeding mosquito, starting the life cycle over again. The red blood cells destroyed by the mortises liberate toxins that cause the periodic chill-and-fever cycles that are the typical symptoms of malaria.

P. Visa, P. Oval, and P. Follicular repeat this chill-fever cycle every 48 hours (tertian malaria), and P. Malarial repeats it every 72 hours (quarter malaria). P. Knowles has a 24-hour life cycle and thus can cause daily spikes in fever. The malarial parasite, Plasmid, is a very small, single-cell blood organism, or ‘protozoan’.

It lives as a parasite in other organisms, namely man monkeys and mosquitoes. The parasite is the cause of the tropical disease malaria. The Plasmid parasite is dependent on a single species of mosquito, Anopheles, which is the only species capable of serving as host for it. Malaria, disease caused by infection with single-celled parasites of the genus Plasmid. Anopheles mosquitoes transmit these parasites from one person to another in their bites. Malaria is characterized by periodic bouts of severe chills and high fever. Serious cases of malaria can result in death if left untreated.

More than a million people die f the disease each year, most of them in Africa, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Malaria was once widespread in North America and other temperate regions. Today, the disease occurs mostly in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in sub-Sahara Africa and Southeast Asia. The disease is also found in Central and South America, Oceania, and on some Caribbean islands. Public health officials had hoped to wipe out malaria during the 20th century. However, malaria parasites have developed defenses against many antibacterial drugs.This response, known as drug resistance, makes the rugs less effective.

In addition, the Anopheles mosquitoes that transmit the disease have become resistant to many insecticides. Malaria remains a global health problem, and public health efforts today focus on controlling it. In addition, a worldwide effort is under way to develop a vaccine that protects people against the disease.

In the meantime, research by the WHO has found that sleeping under bed nets treated with insecticide can greatly reduce deaths from malaria, especially among children. This small single-cell organism has three to four different forms.Each form is specialized in living in a certain place. The gametes is the form that infects the mosquito and reproduces itself, as if it were both sexes. When the mosquito has sucked blood containing gamesters, these pass into the salivary glands of the mosquito, where they develop into a new form, the sportier. The infection can then move on.

The sportier can be passed on to man when the mosquito bites, injecting its saliva into the tiny blood vessels. The sportier travels with the blood to the liver and enters the liver cells. In the liver some of the sportiest divide (disproportionate) and become thousands to mortises.The mortises are released from the liver to the blood where they are taken up by the red blood corpuscles. Some of these turn into ring-formed trapezoids that split again to form consists.

Consists burst the red blood corpuscles at a certain moment, releasing the mortises. This release coincides with the violent rises in temperature during the attacks seen in many cases of malaria. The trapezoids that are left over during division can, in the course of the next day, develop into the sexual form, the gametes, which can be taken up by a blood- sucking mosquito and start another cycle.The incubation period (time from infection to development of the disease) is usually from 7 to 30 days (shorter periods with the deadliest form of follicular). Plasmid Oval and Plasmid Visa can produce a dormant form, a hypnotize, that can cause relapses of the disease months and even years after the original disease (relapsing malaria) because it’s dormant in the liver cells.

For this reason, it is important after these infections to be treated with prominent to kill the liver stages. It is however important to note that Prominent cannot be used by people with a condition called GAP)-deficiency.Malaria occurs where the Anopheles mosquito occurs. The parasite cannot be passed on by any other species of mosquito. Plasmid Follicular is by far the most widespread malaria in Africa, and at the same time the cause of malignant malaria.

It also occurs in specific areas of Asia and South America. P. Visa is most common in South America and Asia.

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