Cyanobacteria are the oldest known fossils, dating back3.5 million years ago. (Lesley D’Anglada,2016) And in today’ssociety, with the environmental problems become more and more significant, theattention to this ancient bacterial should bring up to public tension.
Althoughcyanobacteria have largely reduced by some efficient physical removal, chemicalprocedures or even most commonly biological inactivation, some large lakes inthe world, such as the Crater Lake, Upper Klamath Lake and mostly LakeChamplain, still suffered by the cyanobacteria blooms. For instance, Lake Champlain, the largest freshwater lakein Japan, is one of the most severely contaminated lake by cyanobacteria. Eachyear, Japanese government costs millions of dollars to deal with thisenvironmental problem. The main reason for this severe cyanobacterium bloom isthat most cyanobacteria naturally occur in lake and will exist for millions ofyears. Since cyanobacteria blooms tends to occur in warm and shallow water andwind is another driving force to accumulate cyanobacteria blooms alongshorelines, the exposure of this lake to sun light and wind cause a hugeacumination of cyanobacteria blooms in this lake.
Because of this cyanobacteriablooms, the whole lake gets polluted and poisoned. The cause and consequence of cyanobacteria bloomis severe and better understanding some solution of how to handle it isextremely significant for us. The purpose of this research paper is to not onlyinform the readers the most effective solutions being used to deal with currentcyanobacteria bloom, but to also encourage more research and development inthis area. In this paper, I will first give a brief overview of currentsituation, then explain how cyanobacteria deplete oxygen in most lakes andproduce toxins, introduce both physical removal and chemical procedures as twoof the most efficient solutions and conclude the future efforts we could maketo better knowledge this problem.
